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.gitignore vendored Normal file
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target/

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.rustlings-state.txt Normal file
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DON'T EDIT THIS FILE!
intro1
intro1
intro2
variables1
variables2
variables3
variables4
variables5
variables6
functions1
functions2
functions3
functions4
functions5
if1
if2
if3
quiz1
primitive_types1
primitive_types2
primitive_types3
primitive_types4
primitive_types5
primitive_types6
vecs1
vecs2
move_semantics1
move_semantics2
move_semantics3
move_semantics4
move_semantics5
structs1
structs2
structs3
enums1
enums2
enums3
strings1
strings2
strings3
strings4
modules1
modules2
modules3
hashmaps1
hashmaps2
hashmaps3
quiz2
options1
options2
options3
errors1
errors2
errors3
errors4
errors5
errors6
generics1
generics2
traits1
traits2
traits3
traits4
traits5
quiz3
lifetimes1
lifetimes2
lifetimes3
tests1
tests2
tests3
iterators1
iterators2
iterators3
iterators4
iterators5
box1
rc1
arc1
cow1
threads1
threads2
threads3
macros1
macros2
macros3
macros4
clippy1
clippy2
clippy3
using_as
from_into
from_str
try_from_into
as_ref_mut

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# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
# It is not intended for manual editing.
version = 4
[[package]]
name = "exercises"
version = "0.0.0"

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Cargo.toml Normal file
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bin = [
{ name = "intro1", path = "exercises/00_intro/intro1.rs" },
{ name = "intro1_sol", path = "solutions/00_intro/intro1.rs" },
{ name = "intro2", path = "exercises/00_intro/intro2.rs" },
{ name = "intro2_sol", path = "solutions/00_intro/intro2.rs" },
{ name = "variables1", path = "exercises/01_variables/variables1.rs" },
{ name = "variables1_sol", path = "solutions/01_variables/variables1.rs" },
{ name = "variables2", path = "exercises/01_variables/variables2.rs" },
{ name = "variables2_sol", path = "solutions/01_variables/variables2.rs" },
{ name = "variables3", path = "exercises/01_variables/variables3.rs" },
{ name = "variables3_sol", path = "solutions/01_variables/variables3.rs" },
{ name = "variables4", path = "exercises/01_variables/variables4.rs" },
{ name = "variables4_sol", path = "solutions/01_variables/variables4.rs" },
{ name = "variables5", path = "exercises/01_variables/variables5.rs" },
{ name = "variables5_sol", path = "solutions/01_variables/variables5.rs" },
{ name = "variables6", path = "exercises/01_variables/variables6.rs" },
{ name = "variables6_sol", path = "solutions/01_variables/variables6.rs" },
{ name = "functions1", path = "exercises/02_functions/functions1.rs" },
{ name = "functions1_sol", path = "solutions/02_functions/functions1.rs" },
{ name = "functions2", path = "exercises/02_functions/functions2.rs" },
{ name = "functions2_sol", path = "solutions/02_functions/functions2.rs" },
{ name = "functions3", path = "exercises/02_functions/functions3.rs" },
{ name = "functions3_sol", path = "solutions/02_functions/functions3.rs" },
{ name = "functions4", path = "exercises/02_functions/functions4.rs" },
{ name = "functions4_sol", path = "solutions/02_functions/functions4.rs" },
{ name = "functions5", path = "exercises/02_functions/functions5.rs" },
{ name = "functions5_sol", path = "solutions/02_functions/functions5.rs" },
{ name = "if1", path = "exercises/03_if/if1.rs" },
{ name = "if1_sol", path = "solutions/03_if/if1.rs" },
{ name = "if2", path = "exercises/03_if/if2.rs" },
{ name = "if2_sol", path = "solutions/03_if/if2.rs" },
{ name = "if3", path = "exercises/03_if/if3.rs" },
{ name = "if3_sol", path = "solutions/03_if/if3.rs" },
{ name = "quiz1", path = "exercises/quizzes/quiz1.rs" },
{ name = "quiz1_sol", path = "solutions/quizzes/quiz1.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types1", path = "exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types1_sol", path = "solutions/04_primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types2", path = "exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types2_sol", path = "solutions/04_primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types3", path = "exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types3_sol", path = "solutions/04_primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types4", path = "exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types4_sol", path = "solutions/04_primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types5", path = "exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types5_sol", path = "solutions/04_primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types6", path = "exercises/04_primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs" },
{ name = "primitive_types6_sol", path = "solutions/04_primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs" },
{ name = "vecs1", path = "exercises/05_vecs/vecs1.rs" },
{ name = "vecs1_sol", path = "solutions/05_vecs/vecs1.rs" },
{ name = "vecs2", path = "exercises/05_vecs/vecs2.rs" },
{ name = "vecs2_sol", path = "solutions/05_vecs/vecs2.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics1", path = "exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics1_sol", path = "solutions/06_move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics2", path = "exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics2_sol", path = "solutions/06_move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics3", path = "exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics3_sol", path = "solutions/06_move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics4", path = "exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics4_sol", path = "solutions/06_move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics5", path = "exercises/06_move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs" },
{ name = "move_semantics5_sol", path = "solutions/06_move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs" },
{ name = "structs1", path = "exercises/07_structs/structs1.rs" },
{ name = "structs1_sol", path = "solutions/07_structs/structs1.rs" },
{ name = "structs2", path = "exercises/07_structs/structs2.rs" },
{ name = "structs2_sol", path = "solutions/07_structs/structs2.rs" },
{ name = "structs3", path = "exercises/07_structs/structs3.rs" },
{ name = "structs3_sol", path = "solutions/07_structs/structs3.rs" },
{ name = "enums1", path = "exercises/08_enums/enums1.rs" },
{ name = "enums1_sol", path = "solutions/08_enums/enums1.rs" },
{ name = "enums2", path = "exercises/08_enums/enums2.rs" },
{ name = "enums2_sol", path = "solutions/08_enums/enums2.rs" },
{ name = "enums3", path = "exercises/08_enums/enums3.rs" },
{ name = "enums3_sol", path = "solutions/08_enums/enums3.rs" },
{ name = "strings1", path = "exercises/09_strings/strings1.rs" },
{ name = "strings1_sol", path = "solutions/09_strings/strings1.rs" },
{ name = "strings2", path = "exercises/09_strings/strings2.rs" },
{ name = "strings2_sol", path = "solutions/09_strings/strings2.rs" },
{ name = "strings3", path = "exercises/09_strings/strings3.rs" },
{ name = "strings3_sol", path = "solutions/09_strings/strings3.rs" },
{ name = "strings4", path = "exercises/09_strings/strings4.rs" },
{ name = "strings4_sol", path = "solutions/09_strings/strings4.rs" },
{ name = "modules1", path = "exercises/10_modules/modules1.rs" },
{ name = "modules1_sol", path = "solutions/10_modules/modules1.rs" },
{ name = "modules2", path = "exercises/10_modules/modules2.rs" },
{ name = "modules2_sol", path = "solutions/10_modules/modules2.rs" },
{ name = "modules3", path = "exercises/10_modules/modules3.rs" },
{ name = "modules3_sol", path = "solutions/10_modules/modules3.rs" },
{ name = "hashmaps1", path = "exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps1.rs" },
{ name = "hashmaps1_sol", path = "solutions/11_hashmaps/hashmaps1.rs" },
{ name = "hashmaps2", path = "exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps2.rs" },
{ name = "hashmaps2_sol", path = "solutions/11_hashmaps/hashmaps2.rs" },
{ name = "hashmaps3", path = "exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps3.rs" },
{ name = "hashmaps3_sol", path = "solutions/11_hashmaps/hashmaps3.rs" },
{ name = "quiz2", path = "exercises/quizzes/quiz2.rs" },
{ name = "quiz2_sol", path = "solutions/quizzes/quiz2.rs" },
{ name = "options1", path = "exercises/12_options/options1.rs" },
{ name = "options1_sol", path = "solutions/12_options/options1.rs" },
{ name = "options2", path = "exercises/12_options/options2.rs" },
{ name = "options2_sol", path = "solutions/12_options/options2.rs" },
{ name = "options3", path = "exercises/12_options/options3.rs" },
{ name = "options3_sol", path = "solutions/12_options/options3.rs" },
{ name = "errors1", path = "exercises/13_error_handling/errors1.rs" },
{ name = "errors1_sol", path = "solutions/13_error_handling/errors1.rs" },
{ name = "errors2", path = "exercises/13_error_handling/errors2.rs" },
{ name = "errors2_sol", path = "solutions/13_error_handling/errors2.rs" },
{ name = "errors3", path = "exercises/13_error_handling/errors3.rs" },
{ name = "errors3_sol", path = "solutions/13_error_handling/errors3.rs" },
{ name = "errors4", path = "exercises/13_error_handling/errors4.rs" },
{ name = "errors4_sol", path = "solutions/13_error_handling/errors4.rs" },
{ name = "errors5", path = "exercises/13_error_handling/errors5.rs" },
{ name = "errors5_sol", path = "solutions/13_error_handling/errors5.rs" },
{ name = "errors6", path = "exercises/13_error_handling/errors6.rs" },
{ name = "errors6_sol", path = "solutions/13_error_handling/errors6.rs" },
{ name = "generics1", path = "exercises/14_generics/generics1.rs" },
{ name = "generics1_sol", path = "solutions/14_generics/generics1.rs" },
{ name = "generics2", path = "exercises/14_generics/generics2.rs" },
{ name = "generics2_sol", path = "solutions/14_generics/generics2.rs" },
{ name = "traits1", path = "exercises/15_traits/traits1.rs" },
{ name = "traits1_sol", path = "solutions/15_traits/traits1.rs" },
{ name = "traits2", path = "exercises/15_traits/traits2.rs" },
{ name = "traits2_sol", path = "solutions/15_traits/traits2.rs" },
{ name = "traits3", path = "exercises/15_traits/traits3.rs" },
{ name = "traits3_sol", path = "solutions/15_traits/traits3.rs" },
{ name = "traits4", path = "exercises/15_traits/traits4.rs" },
{ name = "traits4_sol", path = "solutions/15_traits/traits4.rs" },
{ name = "traits5", path = "exercises/15_traits/traits5.rs" },
{ name = "traits5_sol", path = "solutions/15_traits/traits5.rs" },
{ name = "quiz3", path = "exercises/quizzes/quiz3.rs" },
{ name = "quiz3_sol", path = "solutions/quizzes/quiz3.rs" },
{ name = "lifetimes1", path = "exercises/16_lifetimes/lifetimes1.rs" },
{ name = "lifetimes1_sol", path = "solutions/16_lifetimes/lifetimes1.rs" },
{ name = "lifetimes2", path = "exercises/16_lifetimes/lifetimes2.rs" },
{ name = "lifetimes2_sol", path = "solutions/16_lifetimes/lifetimes2.rs" },
{ name = "lifetimes3", path = "exercises/16_lifetimes/lifetimes3.rs" },
{ name = "lifetimes3_sol", path = "solutions/16_lifetimes/lifetimes3.rs" },
{ name = "tests1", path = "exercises/17_tests/tests1.rs" },
{ name = "tests1_sol", path = "solutions/17_tests/tests1.rs" },
{ name = "tests2", path = "exercises/17_tests/tests2.rs" },
{ name = "tests2_sol", path = "solutions/17_tests/tests2.rs" },
{ name = "tests3", path = "exercises/17_tests/tests3.rs" },
{ name = "tests3_sol", path = "solutions/17_tests/tests3.rs" },
{ name = "iterators1", path = "exercises/18_iterators/iterators1.rs" },
{ name = "iterators1_sol", path = "solutions/18_iterators/iterators1.rs" },
{ name = "iterators2", path = "exercises/18_iterators/iterators2.rs" },
{ name = "iterators2_sol", path = "solutions/18_iterators/iterators2.rs" },
{ name = "iterators3", path = "exercises/18_iterators/iterators3.rs" },
{ name = "iterators3_sol", path = "solutions/18_iterators/iterators3.rs" },
{ name = "iterators4", path = "exercises/18_iterators/iterators4.rs" },
{ name = "iterators4_sol", path = "solutions/18_iterators/iterators4.rs" },
{ name = "iterators5", path = "exercises/18_iterators/iterators5.rs" },
{ name = "iterators5_sol", path = "solutions/18_iterators/iterators5.rs" },
{ name = "box1", path = "exercises/19_smart_pointers/box1.rs" },
{ name = "box1_sol", path = "solutions/19_smart_pointers/box1.rs" },
{ name = "rc1", path = "exercises/19_smart_pointers/rc1.rs" },
{ name = "rc1_sol", path = "solutions/19_smart_pointers/rc1.rs" },
{ name = "arc1", path = "exercises/19_smart_pointers/arc1.rs" },
{ name = "arc1_sol", path = "solutions/19_smart_pointers/arc1.rs" },
{ name = "cow1", path = "exercises/19_smart_pointers/cow1.rs" },
{ name = "cow1_sol", path = "solutions/19_smart_pointers/cow1.rs" },
{ name = "threads1", path = "exercises/20_threads/threads1.rs" },
{ name = "threads1_sol", path = "solutions/20_threads/threads1.rs" },
{ name = "threads2", path = "exercises/20_threads/threads2.rs" },
{ name = "threads2_sol", path = "solutions/20_threads/threads2.rs" },
{ name = "threads3", path = "exercises/20_threads/threads3.rs" },
{ name = "threads3_sol", path = "solutions/20_threads/threads3.rs" },
{ name = "macros1", path = "exercises/21_macros/macros1.rs" },
{ name = "macros1_sol", path = "solutions/21_macros/macros1.rs" },
{ name = "macros2", path = "exercises/21_macros/macros2.rs" },
{ name = "macros2_sol", path = "solutions/21_macros/macros2.rs" },
{ name = "macros3", path = "exercises/21_macros/macros3.rs" },
{ name = "macros3_sol", path = "solutions/21_macros/macros3.rs" },
{ name = "macros4", path = "exercises/21_macros/macros4.rs" },
{ name = "macros4_sol", path = "solutions/21_macros/macros4.rs" },
{ name = "clippy1", path = "exercises/22_clippy/clippy1.rs" },
{ name = "clippy1_sol", path = "solutions/22_clippy/clippy1.rs" },
{ name = "clippy2", path = "exercises/22_clippy/clippy2.rs" },
{ name = "clippy2_sol", path = "solutions/22_clippy/clippy2.rs" },
{ name = "clippy3", path = "exercises/22_clippy/clippy3.rs" },
{ name = "clippy3_sol", path = "solutions/22_clippy/clippy3.rs" },
{ name = "using_as", path = "exercises/23_conversions/using_as.rs" },
{ name = "using_as_sol", path = "solutions/23_conversions/using_as.rs" },
{ name = "from_into", path = "exercises/23_conversions/from_into.rs" },
{ name = "from_into_sol", path = "solutions/23_conversions/from_into.rs" },
{ name = "from_str", path = "exercises/23_conversions/from_str.rs" },
{ name = "from_str_sol", path = "solutions/23_conversions/from_str.rs" },
{ name = "try_from_into", path = "exercises/23_conversions/try_from_into.rs" },
{ name = "try_from_into_sol", path = "solutions/23_conversions/try_from_into.rs" },
{ name = "as_ref_mut", path = "exercises/23_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs" },
{ name = "as_ref_mut_sol", path = "solutions/23_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs" },
]
[package]
name = "exercises"
edition = "2021"
# Don't publish the exercises on crates.io!
publish = false
[profile.release]
panic = "abort"
[profile.dev]
panic = "abort"
[lints.rust]
# You shouldn't write unsafe code in Rustlings!
unsafe_code = "forbid"
# You don't need unstable features in Rustlings and shouldn't rely on them while learning Rust.
unstable_features = "forbid"
# Dead code warnings can't be avoided in some exercises and might distract while learning.
dead_code = "allow"
[lints.clippy]
# You forgot a `todo!()`!
todo = "forbid"
# This can only happen by mistake in Rustlings.
empty_loop = "forbid"
# No infinite loops are needed in Rustlings.
infinite_loop = "deny"
# You shouldn't leak memory while still learning Rust!
mem_forget = "deny"
# Currently, there are no disallowed methods. This line avoids problems when developing Rustlings.
disallowed_methods = "allow"

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# rustlings
Rustlings practice.
https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings

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# Intro
Rust uses the `print!` and `println!` macros to print text to the console.
## Further information
- [Hello World](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/hello.html)
- [Formatted print](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/hello/print.html)

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// TODO: We sometimes encourage you to keep trying things on a given exercise
// even after you already figured it out. If you got everything working and feel
// ready for the next exercise, enter `n` in the terminal.
//
// The exercise file will be reloaded when you change one of the lines below!
// Try adding a new `println!` and check the updated output in the terminal.
fn main() {
println!(r#" Welcome to... "#);
println!(r#" _ _ _ "#);
println!(r#" _ __ _ _ ___| |_| (_)_ __ __ _ ___ "#);
println!(r#" | '__| | | / __| __| | | '_ \ / _` / __| "#);
println!(r#" | | | |_| \__ \ |_| | | | | | (_| \__ \ "#);
println!(r#" |_| \__,_|___/\__|_|_|_| |_|\__, |___/ "#);
println!(r#" |___/ "#);
println!();
println!("This exercise compiles successfully. The remaining exercises contain a compiler");
println!("or logic error. The central concept behind Rustlings is to fix these errors and");
println!("solve the exercises. Good luck!");
println!();
println!("The file of this exercise is `exercises/00_intro/intro1.rs`. Have a look!");
println!("The current exercise path will be always shown under the progress bar.");
println!("You can click on the path to open the exercise file in your editor.");
}

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fn main() {
// TODO: Fix the code to print "Hello world!".
println!("Hello world!");
}

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# Variables
In Rust, variables are immutable by default.
When a variable is immutable, once a value is bound to a name, you can’t change that value.
You can make them mutable by adding `mut` in front of the variable name.
## Further information
- [Variables and Mutability](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html)

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exercises/01_variables/variables1.rs Normal file
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fn main() {
// TODO: Add the missing keyword.
let x = 5;
println!("x has the value {x}");
}

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exercises/01_variables/variables2.rs Normal file
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fn main() {
// TODO: Change the line below to fix the compiler error.
let x = 0;
if x == 10 {
println!("x is ten!");
} else {
println!("x is not ten!");
}
}

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exercises/01_variables/variables3.rs Normal file
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fn main() {
// TODO: Change the line below to fix the compiler error.
let x: i32 = 0;
println!("Number {x}");
}

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exercises/01_variables/variables4.rs Normal file
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// TODO: Fix the compiler error.
fn main() {
let mut x = 3;
println!("Number {x}");
x = 5; // Don't change this line
println!("Number {x}");
}

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exercises/01_variables/variables5.rs Normal file
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fn main() {
let number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // Don't change this line
println!("Spell a number: {}", number);
// TODO: Fix the compiler error by changing the line below without renaming the variable.
let number = 3;
println!("Number plus two is: {}", number + 2);
}

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exercises/01_variables/variables6.rs Normal file
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// TODO: Change the line below to fix the compiler error.
const NUMBER: i32 = 3;
fn main() {
println!("Number: {NUMBER}");
}

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# Functions
Here, you'll learn how to write functions and how the Rust compiler can help you debug errors even
in more complex code.
## Further information
- [How Functions Work](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-03-how-functions-work.html)

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exercises/02_functions/functions1.rs Normal file
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// TODO: Add some function with the name `call_me` without arguments or a return value.
fn call_me() {}
fn main() {
call_me(); // Don't change this line
}

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exercises/02_functions/functions2.rs Normal file
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// TODO: Add the missing type of the argument `num` after the colon `:`.
fn call_me(num: i32) {
for i in 0..num {
println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
}
}
fn main() {
call_me(3);
}

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exercises/02_functions/functions3.rs Normal file
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fn call_me(num: u8) {
for i in 0..num {
println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
}
}
fn main() {
// TODO: Fix the function call.
call_me(3);
}

22
exercises/02_functions/functions4.rs Normal file
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// This store is having a sale where if the price is an even number, you get 10
// Rustbucks off, but if it's an odd number, it's 3 Rustbucks off.
// Don't worry about the function bodies themselves, we are only interested in
// the signatures for now.
fn is_even(num: i64) -> bool {
num % 2 == 0
}
// TODO: Fix the function signature.
fn sale_price(price: i64) -> i64 {
if is_even(price) {
price - 10
} else {
price - 3
}
}
fn main() {
let original_price = 51;
println!("Your sale price is {}", sale_price(original_price));
}

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