/******************************************************************************************* * * raylib [audio] example - raw stream * * Example complexity rating: [★★★☆] 3/4 * * Example originally created with raylib 1.6, last time updated with raylib 6.0 * * Example created by Ramon Santamaria (@raysan5) and reviewed by James Hofmann (@triplefox) * * Example licensed under an unmodified zlib/libpng license, which is an OSI-certified, * BSD-like license that allows static linking with closed source software * * Copyright (c) 2015-2025 Ramon Santamaria (@raysan5) and James Hofmann (@triplefox) * ********************************************************************************************/ #include "raylib.h" #include // Required for: malloc(), free() #include // Required for: sinf() enum Flags { FLAG_CHANNEL_MONO = 1u<<0, FLAG_SAMPLESIZE_SHORT = 1u<<1 }; static unsigned int gflags = FLAG_CHANNEL_MONO | FLAG_SAMPLESIZE_SHORT; // mono + 16-bit to match initial stream specs #define CHANNEL_MONO() ((gflags & FLAG_CHANNEL_MONO) != 0) #define SAMPLESIZE_SHORT() ((gflags & FLAG_SAMPLESIZE_SHORT) != 0) #define TOGGLE(K, F) do { if (IsKeyPressed(K)) { gflags ^= (F); } } while (0) #define MAX_SAMPLES 512 #define MAX_SAMPLES_PER_UPDATE 4096 // Cycles per second (hz) float frequency = 440.0f; // Audio frequency, for smoothing float audioFrequency = 440.0f; // Previous value, used to test if sine needs to be rewritten, and to smoothly modulate frequency float oldFrequency = 1.0f; // Index for audio rendering float sineIdx = 0.0f; // Audio input processing callback void AudioInputCallbackMonoShort(void *buffer, unsigned int frames) { audioFrequency = frequency + (audioFrequency - frequency)*0.95f; float incr = audioFrequency/44100.0f; short *d = (short *)buffer; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < frames; i++) { d[i] = (short)(32000.0f*sinf(2*PI*sineIdx)); sineIdx += incr; if (sineIdx > 1.0f) sineIdx -= 1.0f; } } void AudioInputCallbackStereoShort(void *buffer, unsigned int frames) { audioFrequency = frequency + (audioFrequency - frequency)*0.95f; float incr = audioFrequency/44100.0f; short *d = (short *)buffer; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < frames; i++) { short s = (short)(32000.0f*sinf(2*PI*sineIdx)); d[2*i + 0] = s; // L d[2*i + 1] = s; // R sineIdx += incr; if (sineIdx > 1.0f) sineIdx -= 1.0f; } } void AudioInputCallbackMonoFloat(void *buffer, unsigned int frames) { audioFrequency = frequency + (audioFrequency - frequency)*0.95f; float incr = audioFrequency/44100.0f; float *d = (float *)buffer; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < frames; i++) { d[i] = sinf(2*PI*sineIdx); sineIdx += incr; if (sineIdx > 1.0f) sineIdx -= 1.0f; } } void AudioInputCallbackStereoFloat(void *buffer, unsigned int frames) { audioFrequency = frequency + (audioFrequency - frequency)*0.95f; float incr = audioFrequency/44100.0f; float *d = (float *)buffer; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < frames; i++) { float s = sinf(2*PI*sineIdx); d[2*i + 0] = s; d[2*i + 1] = s; sineIdx += incr; if (sineIdx > 1.0f) sineIdx -= 1.0f; } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ // Program main entry point //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ int main(void) { // Initialization //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- const int screenWidth = 800; const int screenHeight = 450; InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "raylib [audio] example - raw stream with callbacks"); InitAudioDevice(); // Initialize audio device SetAudioStreamBufferSizeDefault(MAX_SAMPLES_PER_UPDATE); // Init raw audio stream (sample rate: 44100, sample size: 16bit-short, channels: 1-mono) AudioStream stream = LoadAudioStream(44100, 16, 1); SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackMonoShort); unsigned int previousSampleSize = stream.sampleSize; unsigned int previousChannels = stream.channels; // Buffer for the single cycle waveform we are synthesizing short *data = (short *)malloc(sizeof(short)*MAX_SAMPLES); // Frame buffer, describing the waveform when repeated over the course of a frame short *writeBuf = (short *)malloc(sizeof(short)*MAX_SAMPLES_PER_UPDATE); PlayAudioStream(stream); // Start processing stream buffer (no data loaded currently) // Position read in to determine next frequency Vector2 mousePosition = { -100.0f, -100.0f }; // Computed size in samples of the sine wave int waveLength = 1; Vector2 position = { 0, 0 }; SetTargetFPS(30); // Set our game to run at 30 frames-per-second //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Main game loop while (!WindowShouldClose()) // Detect window close button or ESC key { TOGGLE(KEY_M, FLAG_CHANNEL_MONO); TOGGLE(KEY_F, FLAG_SAMPLESIZE_SHORT); unsigned int nextSampleSize = (SAMPLESIZE_SHORT())? 16u : 32u; unsigned int nextChannels = (CHANNEL_MONO())? 1u : 2u; if (nextSampleSize != previousSampleSize || nextChannels != previousChannels) { StopAudioStream(stream); UnloadAudioStream(stream); stream = LoadAudioStream(44100, nextSampleSize, nextChannels); // CORRECT ALIGNMENT if (nextChannels == 1 && nextSampleSize == 16) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackMonoShort); if (nextChannels == 2 && nextSampleSize == 16) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackStereoShort); if (nextChannels == 1 && nextSampleSize == 32) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackMonoFloat); if (nextChannels == 2 && nextSampleSize == 32) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackStereoFloat); // INCORRECT ALIGNMENT TESTS: comment and uncomment or add your own to observe common misconfigurations // if (nextChannels == 1 && nextSampleSize == 16) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackStereoShort); // if (nextChannels == 1 && nextSampleSize == 32) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackMonoShort); // if (nextChannels == 2 && nextSampleSize == 32) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackMonoShort); // if (nextChannels == 2 && nextSampleSize == 16) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackMonoFloat); // if (nextChannels == 2 && nextSampleSize == 16) SetAudioStreamCallback(stream, AudioInputCallbackStereoFloat); PlayAudioStream(stream); previousSampleSize = nextSampleSize; previousChannels = nextChannels; } // Update //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mousePosition = GetMousePosition(); if (IsMouseButtonDown(MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT)) { float fp = (float)(mousePosition.y); frequency = 40.0f + (float)(fp); float pan = (float)(mousePosition.x)/(float)screenWidth; SetAudioStreamPan(stream, pan); } // Rewrite the sine wave // Compute two cycles to allow the buffer padding, simplifying any modulation, resampling, etc. if (frequency != oldFrequency) { // Compute wavelength. Limit size in both directions waveLength = (int)(22050/frequency); if (waveLength > MAX_SAMPLES/2) waveLength = MAX_SAMPLES/2; if (waveLength < 1) waveLength = 1; // Write sine wave for (int i = 0; i < waveLength*2; i++) { data[i] = (short)(sinf(((2*PI*(float)i/waveLength)))*32000); } // Make sure the rest of the line is flat for (int j = waveLength*2; j < MAX_SAMPLES; j++) { data[j] = (short)0; } oldFrequency = frequency; } //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Draw //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BeginDrawing(); ClearBackground(RAYWHITE); DrawText(TextFormat("sine frequency: %i",(int)frequency), GetScreenWidth() - 220, 10, 20, RED); DrawText("click mouse button to change frequency or pan", 10, 10, 20, DARKGRAY); DrawText("press M to SWAP channels [ M ]:", 250, 366, 20, BLUE); DrawText((CHANNEL_MONO())? "MONO" : "STEREO", 600, 366, 20, (CHANNEL_MONO())? GREEN : RED); DrawText("press F to SWAP Sample Size [ F ]:", 250, 400, 20, BLUE); DrawText((SAMPLESIZE_SHORT())? "16" : "32", 620, 400, 20, (SAMPLESIZE_SHORT())? GREEN : RED); // Draw the current buffer state proportionate to the screen for (int i = 0; i < screenWidth; i++) { position.x = (float)i; position.y = 250 + 50*data[i*MAX_SAMPLES/screenWidth]/32000.0f; DrawPixelV(position, RED); } EndDrawing(); //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } // De-Initialization //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- free(data); // Unload sine wave data free(writeBuf); // Unload write buffer UnloadAudioStream(stream); // Close raw audio stream and delete buffers from RAM CloseAudioDevice(); // Close audio device (music streaming is automatically stopped) CloseWindow(); // Close window and OpenGL context //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- return 0; }