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/*******************************************************************************************
*
* raylib [core] example - screen recording
*
* Example complexity rating: [★★☆☆] 2/4
*
* Example originally created with raylib 6.0, last time updated with raylib 6.0
*
* Example licensed under an unmodified zlib/libpng license, which is an OSI-certified,
* BSD-like license that allows static linking with closed source software
*
* Copyright (c) 2025 Ramon Santamaria (@raysan5)
*
********************************************************************************************/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Numerics;
using static Raylib_cs.Raylib;
namespace Examples.Core;
// NOTE: The upstream C example records frames into an animated GIF using the bundled msf_gif.h
// single-header library. raylib-cs does not bind msf_gif, so this port replaces it with a small,
// self-contained GIF89a encoder (GifRecorder, below) that uses a fixed 3-3-2 RGB palette. The
// rest of the example (rendering, CTRL+R toggle, saving to <appdir>/screenrecording.gif) mirrors
// upstream. Frame capture via LoadImageFromScreen() is slow and can cause stuttering, as noted
// upstream.
[ExcludeFromBrowser("desktop screen capture + gif file export, no web equivalent")]
public partial class ScreenRecording : IExample
{
private const int GIF_RECORD_FRAMERATE = 5; // Record framerate, we get a frame every N frames
private const int MAX_SINEWAVE_POINTS = 256;
private const int screenWidth = 800;
private const int screenHeight = 450;
public string Name => "Core / Screen Recording";
public string Title => "raylib [core] example - screen recording";
private bool gifRecording; // GIF recording state
private uint gifFrameCounter; // GIF frames counter
private GifRecorder gifState; // GIF context state
private Vector2 circlePosition;
private float timeCounter;
private Vector2[] sinePoints;
public void Init()
{
gifRecording = false;
gifFrameCounter = 0;
gifState = new GifRecorder();
circlePosition = new Vector2(0.0f, screenHeight / 2.0f);
timeCounter = 0.0f;
// Get sine wave points for line drawing
sinePoints = new Vector2[MAX_SINEWAVE_POINTS];
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SINEWAVE_POINTS; i++)
{
sinePoints[i].X = i * GetScreenWidth() / 180.0f;
sinePoints[i].Y = screenHeight / 2.0f + 150 * MathF.Sin((2 * MathF.PI / 1.5f) * (1.0f / 60.0f) * (float)i); // Calculate for 60 fps
}
}
public unsafe void Update()
{
// Update
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Update circle sinusoidal movement
timeCounter += GetFrameTime();
circlePosition.X += GetScreenWidth() / 180.0f;
circlePosition.Y = screenHeight / 2.0f + 150 * MathF.Sin((2 * MathF.PI / 1.5f) * timeCounter);
if (circlePosition.X > screenWidth)
{
circlePosition.X = 0.0f;
circlePosition.Y = screenHeight / 2.0f;
timeCounter = 0.0f;
}
// Start-Stop GIF recording on CTRL+R
if (IsKeyDown(KeyboardKey.LeftControl) && IsKeyPressed(KeyboardKey.R))
{
if (gifRecording)
{
// Stop current recording and save file
gifRecording = false;
byte[] result = gifState.End();
SaveFileData(result, $"{GetApplicationDirectoryString()}/screenrecording.gif");
TraceLog(TraceLogLevel.Info, "Finish animated GIF recording");
}
else
{
// Start a new recording
gifRecording = true;
gifFrameCounter = 0;
gifState.Begin(GetRenderWidth(), GetRenderHeight());
TraceLog(TraceLogLevel.Info, "Start animated GIF recording");
}
}
if (gifRecording)
{
gifFrameCounter++;
// NOTE: We record one gif frame depending on the desired gif framerate
if (gifFrameCounter > GIF_RECORD_FRAMERATE)
{
// Get image data for the current frame (from backbuffer)
// WARNING: This process is quite slow, it can generate stuttering
Image imScreen = LoadImageFromScreen();
// Add the frame to the gif recording, providing and "estimated" time for display in centiseconds
int delayCs = (int)((1.0f / 60.0f) * GIF_RECORD_FRAMERATE) / 10;
gifState.AddFrame((byte*)imScreen.Data, imScreen.Width, imScreen.Height, imScreen.Width * 4, delayCs);
gifFrameCounter = 0;
UnloadImage(imScreen); // Free image data
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Draw
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BeginDrawing();
ClearBackground(Color.RayWhite);
for (int i = 0; i < (MAX_SINEWAVE_POINTS - 1); i++)
{
DrawLineV(sinePoints[i], sinePoints[i + 1], Color.Maroon);
DrawCircleV(sinePoints[i], 3, Color.Maroon);
}
DrawCircleV(circlePosition, 30, Color.Red);
DrawFPS(10, 10);
/*
// Draw record indicator
// WARNING: If drawn here, it will appear in the recorded image,
// use a render texture instead for the recording and LoadImageFromTexture(rt.texture)
if (gifRecording)
{
// Display the recording indicator every half-second
if ((int)(GetTime()/0.5)%2 == 1)
{
DrawCircle(30, GetScreenHeight() - 20, 10, Color.Maroon);
DrawText("GIF RECORDING", 50, GetScreenHeight() - 25, 10, Color.Red);
}
}
*/
EndDrawing();
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
public void Unload()
{
// If still recording a GIF on close window, just finish
if (gifRecording)
{
gifState.End();
gifRecording = false;
}
}
public static int Main()
{
// Initialization
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "raylib [core] example - screen recording");
var game = new ScreenRecording();
game.Init();
SetTargetFPS(60);
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main game loop
while (!WindowShouldClose()) // Detect window close button or ESC key
{
game.Update();
}
game.Unload();
// De-Initialization
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CloseWindow(); // Close window and OpenGL context
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
return 0;
}
// Minimal self-contained animated GIF89a encoder (replacement for msf_gif.h)
// Uses a fixed 3-3-2 RGB global palette and standard GIF-variant LZW compression.
private class GifRecorder
{
private List<byte> output;
private int width;
private int height;
// LZW bit-packing state (per-frame)
private int bitBuffer;
private int bitCount;
private List<byte> subBlock;
public void Begin(int w, int h)
{
width = w;
height = h;
output = new List<byte>();
// Header
output.AddRange(new byte[] { (byte)'G', (byte)'I', (byte)'F', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', (byte)'a' });
// Logical Screen Descriptor
WriteU16(width);
WriteU16(height);
output.Add(0xF7); // Global color table present, 8-bit color res, 256-entry table
output.Add(0x00); // Background color index
output.Add(0x00); // Pixel aspect ratio
// Global Color Table: 256 entries, 3-3-2 RGB
for (int k = 0; k < 256; k++)
{
int r3 = (k >> 5) & 0x7;
int g3 = (k >> 2) & 0x7;
int b2 = k & 0x3;
output.Add((byte)((r3 << 5) | (r3 << 2) | (r3 >> 1)));
output.Add((byte)((g3 << 5) | (g3 << 2) | (g3 >> 1)));
output.Add((byte)((b2 << 6) | (b2 << 4) | (b2 << 2) | b2));
}
// NETSCAPE2.0 application extension (loop forever)
output.Add(0x21);
output.Add(0xFF);
output.Add(0x0B);
output.AddRange(new byte[] { (byte)'N', (byte)'E', (byte)'T', (byte)'S', (byte)'C', (byte)'A', (byte)'P', (byte)'E', (byte)'2', (byte)'.', (byte)'0' });
output.Add(0x03);
output.Add(0x01);
WriteU16(0); // Loop count (0 = forever)
output.Add(0x00);
}
public unsafe void AddFrame(byte* data, int w, int h, int stride, int delayCs)
{
if (output == null) return;
// Graphic Control Extension
output.Add(0x21);
output.Add(0xF9);
output.Add(0x04);
output.Add(0x00); // No transparency, disposal method 0
WriteU16(delayCs);
output.Add(0x00); // Transparent color index
output.Add(0x00); // Block terminator
// Image Descriptor
output.Add(0x2C);
WriteU16(0); // Left
WriteU16(0); // Top
WriteU16(w);
WriteU16(h);
output.Add(0x00); // No local color table, not interlaced
// Map pixels to palette indices (3-3-2)
byte[] indices = new byte[w * h];
for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
{
int row = y * stride;
int dst = y * w;
for (int x = 0; x < w; x++)
{
byte r = data[row + x * 4 + 0];
byte g = data[row + x * 4 + 1];
byte b = data[row + x * 4 + 2];
indices[dst + x] = (byte)((r & 0xE0) | ((g & 0xE0) >> 3) | (b >> 6));
}
}
// LZW image data
const int minCodeSize = 8;
output.Add((byte)minCodeSize);
bitBuffer = 0;
bitCount = 0;
subBlock = new List<byte>();
int clearCode = 1 << minCodeSize; // 256
int stopCode = clearCode + 1; // 257
int keySize = minCodeSize + 1; // 9
int nkeys = clearCode + 2; // 258
var dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();
WriteBits(clearCode, keySize);
int key = indices[0];
for (int i = 1; i < indices.Length; i++)
{
int p = indices[i];
int combined = (key << 8) | p;
if (dict.TryGetValue(combined, out int existing))
{
key = existing;
}
else
{
WriteBits(key, keySize);
dict[combined] = nkeys;
nkeys++;
if (nkeys == (1 << keySize))
{
if (keySize < 12) keySize++;
}
if (nkeys == 0x1000)
{
WriteBits(clearCode, keySize);
dict.Clear();
keySize = minCodeSize + 1;
nkeys = clearCode + 2;
}
key = p;
}
}
WriteBits(key, keySize);
WriteBits(stopCode, keySize);
// Flush remaining bits
if (bitCount > 0)
{
subBlock.Add((byte)(bitBuffer & 0xFF));
bitBuffer = 0;
bitCount = 0;
}
if (subBlock.Count > 0) FlushSubBlock();
output.Add(0x00); // Image data block terminator
}
public byte[] End()
{
if (output == null) return Array.Empty<byte>();
output.Add(0x3B); // Trailer
byte[] result = output.ToArray();
output = null;
return result;
}
private void WriteBits(int code, int len)
{
bitBuffer |= code << bitCount;
bitCount += len;
while (bitCount >= 8)
{
subBlock.Add((byte)(bitBuffer & 0xFF));
bitBuffer >>= 8;
bitCount -= 8;
if (subBlock.Count == 255) FlushSubBlock();
}
}
private void FlushSubBlock()
{
output.Add((byte)subBlock.Count);
output.AddRange(subBlock);
subBlock.Clear();
}
private void WriteU16(int value)
{
output.Add((byte)(value & 0xFF));
output.Add((byte)((value >> 8) & 0xFF));
}
}
}